Question:
Every year there is confusion regarding the beginning and end of the blessed month of Ramadan, so that Muslim countries differ between earlier and later. What is the solution to this problem?
Answer:
This issue is actually flexible and loose, alḥamdulillāh. Each resident of a country has their own rukyat, as stated in the authentic history of Ibn ‘Abbas Radhiyallāhu ‘anhu. When a man named Kuraib from Syria came to Medina, he asked Ibn ‘Abbas about the fasting of Mu’awiyah Radhiyallāhu ‘anhu and the people of Syria. Kuraib answered that the people had seen the new moon on Friday, so Mu’awiyah Radhiyallāhu ‘anhu and the people of Syria began to fast.
Ibn ‘Abbas said: “We saw the new moon on Saturday, so we fasted until we finished counting the new moon or until we saw the new moon ourselves.”
Here Ibn ‘Abbas Radhiyallāhu ‘anhu considered that Syria was far away, and that the people of Medina were not obliged to follow the rukyat of the people of Syria.
This is the opinion of a number of scholars and states that every country has its own rukyat. If the new moon has been seen in Saudi Arabia, for example, and the people of Syria, Egypt or other countries fast with this rukyat, then that is good, according to the generality of the existing hadiths.
However, if they do not follow the fast and see the new moon for themselves and then fast according to their own rukyat, then there is no problem. The decision of the Senior Ulema Council of Saudi Arabia has been issued, that each country has its own rukyat rights, in accordance with the hadith of Ibn ‘Abbas and similar traditions. (From the program of Nūr ʿalā ad-Darb, quoted in Majmūʿ Fatāwā wa Maqālāt ash-Shaykh Ibni Bāz 15/84).
Shaykh Bin Baz.
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